![]() This paper establishes the current state of citizen science within scientific literature, examines underlying themes, explores further possibilities for utilising citizen science within ecology, biodiversity, and biology, and identifies possible directions for further research. ![]() ![]() With the “perfect storm” of technology, data upload, and social networks, citizen science represents a powerful tool. Embedded sensors allow researchers to validate GPS and image data and are now affordable and regularly used by citizens. This is frequently used within everyday life particularly on social networking sites. Mobile phone technologies and the emergence and uptake of high-speed Web-capable smart phones with GPS and data upload capabilities can allow instant collection and transmission of data. Within the past two decades, this use of volunteers in research has proliferated and evolved into “citizen science.” Technologies are evolving rapidly. Within conservation and ecology, volunteer participation has always been an important component of research.
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